What Is Yarrow?
Yarrow is a hardy perennial herb with a long history of traditional medicinal use, particularly in first-aid and wound care. It’s recognised by its finely divided, fern-like leaves and flat-topped clusters of small white flowers.
In the garden, yarrow is valued for its resilience, drought tolerance, and ability to attract beneficial insects. It’s an excellent low-maintenance plant that performs well in herb gardens, mixed borders, and productive landscapes.
Growing Conditions
Sunlight Requirements
Yarrow grows best in full sun but will tolerate part shade. Full sun encourages compact growth and strong flowering.
Soil & Drainage
Well-draining soil is essential. Yarrow prefers poorer soils and does not perform well in overly rich or waterlogged ground.
Watering Needs
Water regularly during establishment. Once established, yarrow is drought tolerant and requires minimal watering.
Temperature & Frost Tolerance
Yarrow tolerates heat, cold, and frost. Growth may slow in winter but returns strongly in spring.
How to Plant Yarrow
When to Plant in Australia
Yarrow can be planted from spring through early autumn, depending on your local climate.
Sowing Seeds
Seeds are best started as seedlings. Sow seeds around 2 mm deep and keep soil lightly moist until germination.
Germination & Early Growth
Seeds usually germinate within 10–14 days in warm conditions. Seedlings establish steadily and benefit from good airflow.
Transplanting & Spacing
Space plants around 60 cm apart to allow room for spreading growth and airflow.
Ongoing Care & Maintenance
Watering Once Established
Water only during extended dry periods. Overwatering can lead to weak, floppy growth.
Feeding & Soil Health
Yarrow requires very little feeding. Excess nutrients can reduce flowering and overall plant strength.
Pruning & General Maintenance
Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continued blooming. Cut plants back after flowering or in late winter to refresh growth.
Common Pests & Growing Issues
Common Pests
Yarrow is largely pest free. Aphids may occasionally appear but rarely cause lasting damage.
Diseases & Fungal Issues
Fungal issues can occur in humid conditions if airflow is poor. Proper spacing and sun exposure help prevent problems.
Environmental Problems
Overly rich soil or excessive watering can lead to weak stems and reduced flowering.
Companion Planting
Good Companion Plants
Yarrow grows well alongside herbs, vegetables, and flowers. It pairs well with lavender, rosemary, echinacea, and anise hyssop.
Plants to Avoid
There are no major companion conflicts, though yarrow may spread if not managed.
Harvesting Yarrow
When to Harvest
Leaves and flowers can be harvested once plants are well established. Flowers are best harvested when fully open.
How to Harvest Different Plant Parts
- Leaves: Harvest young leaves before flowering
- Flowers: Cut whole flower heads for drying
Traditional Medicinal Uses of Yarrow
Yarrow has a long history of use in traditional herbal medicine, particularly for wound care and first-aid applications. Leaves were traditionally applied to cuts and scrapes to help stop bleeding and support healing.
Taken internally as a tea, yarrow has also been used to support digestion, circulation, and fever management. These uses are based on historical practice rather than modern medical claims.
How to Use & Prepare Yarrow
Making Herbal Tea
Leaves and flowers can be dried and brewed into herbal tea traditionally used for general wellbeing.
Tinctures & Extracts
Yarrow is commonly prepared as a tincture using fresh or dried plant material.
Oils, Salves & External Uses
Infused oils and salves made from yarrow have traditionally been used externally for skin support and first-aid preparations.
Drying, Storing & Preserving
Drying Methods
Harvest flowers and leaves and dry in a shaded, well-ventilated area.
Storage Tips & Shelf Life
Store dried yarrow in airtight containers away from light and moisture. Properly stored, it retains quality for many months.
Is Yarrow Right for Your Garden?
Yarrow is an excellent choice for gardeners wanting a tough, low-maintenance perennial with a long history of traditional medicinal use. Its resilience, pollinator appeal, and versatility make it a valuable addition to home gardens.